How to integrate Google Sheets MCP with Google ADK

This guide walks you through connecting Google Sheets to Google ADK using the Composio tool router. By the end, you'll have a working Google Sheets agent that can add a new sheet named 'q3 sales', update all rows where status is 'pending', create a pie chart of expenses by category through natural language commands. This guide will help you understand how to give your Google ADK agent real control over a Google Sheets account through Composio's Google Sheets MCP server. Before we dive in, let's take a quick look at the key ideas and tools involved.

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Google Sheets is a cloud-based spreadsheet tool for real-time collaboration and data analysis. It lets teams work together from anywhere, updating information instantly.

42 Tools16 Triggers

Introduction

This guide walks you through connecting Google Sheets to Google ADK using the Composio tool router. By the end, you'll have a working Google Sheets agent that can add a new sheet named 'q3 sales', update all rows where status is 'pending', create a pie chart of expenses by category through natural language commands.

This guide will help you understand how to give your Google ADK agent real control over a Google Sheets account through Composio's Google Sheets MCP server.

Before we dive in, let's take a quick look at the key ideas and tools involved.

Also integrate Google Sheets with

ChatGPTOpenAI Agents SDKClaude Agent SDKClaude CodeClaude CoworkCodexOpenCodeCursorVS CodeOpenClawHermesCLILangChainVercel AI SDKMastra AILlamaIndexCrewAI

TL;DR

Here's what you'll learn:
  • Get a Google Sheets account set up and connected to Composio
  • Install the Google ADK and Composio packages
  • Create a Composio Tool Router session for Google Sheets
  • Build an agent that connects to Google Sheets through MCP
  • Interact with Google Sheets using natural language

What is Google ADK?

Google ADK (Agents Development Kit) is Google's framework for building AI agents powered by Gemini models. It provides tools for creating agents that can use external services through the Model Context Protocol.

Key features include:

  • Gemini Integration: Native support for Google's Gemini models
  • MCP Toolset: Built-in support for Model Context Protocol tools
  • Streamable HTTP: Connect to external services through streamable HTTP
  • CLI and Web UI: Run agents via command line or web interface

What is the Google Sheets MCP server, and what's possible with it?

The Google Sheets MCP server is an implementation of the Model Context Protocol that connects your AI agent and assistants like Claude, Cursor, etc directly to your Google Sheets account. It provides structured and secure access to your spreadsheets, so your agent can perform actions like creating new sheets, updating data, generating charts, and automating spreadsheet workflows on your behalf.

  • Spreadsheet creation and management: Instantly create new Google Sheets and add new worksheets (tabs) to existing spreadsheets whenever you need extra space or organization.
  • Bulk data reading and updating: Retrieve specific data ranges, aggregate column data, or update multiple rows and cells at once—perfect for reporting or syncing external data.
  • Automated chart generation: Direct your agent to build charts from selected data, making visualization and analysis faster and easier right inside your sheets.
  • Smart filtering and data cleanup: Have the agent clear filters, remove cell contents, or append rows and columns to keep your sheets tidy and up to date.
  • Dynamic data manipulation: Use advanced features like batch updates with data filters and aggregate operations to transform, filter, or summarize spreadsheet data efficiently.

What is the Composio tool router, and how does it fit here?

What is Composio SDK?

Composio's Composio SDK helps agents find the right tools for a task at runtime. You can plug in multiple toolkits (like Gmail, HubSpot, and GitHub), and the agent will identify the relevant app and action to complete multi-step workflows. This can reduce token usage and improve the reliability of tool calls. Read more here: Getting started with Composio SDK

The tool router generates a secure MCP URL that your agents can access to perform actions.

How the Composio SDK works

The Composio SDK follows a three-phase workflow:

  1. Discovery: Searches for tools matching your task and returns relevant toolkits with their details.
  2. Authentication: Checks for active connections. If missing, creates an auth config and returns a connection URL via Auth Link.
  3. Execution: Executes the action using the authenticated connection.

Step-by-step Guide

Step by step09 STEPS
1

Prerequisites

Before starting, make sure you have:
  • A Google API key for Gemini models
  • A Composio account and API key
  • Python 3.9 or later installed
  • Basic familiarity with Python
2

Getting API Keys for Google and Composio

Google API Key
  • Go to Google AI Studio and create an API key.
  • Copy the key and keep it safe. You will put this in GOOGLE_API_KEY.
Composio API Key and User ID
  • Log in to the Composio dashboard.
  • Go to Settings → API Keys and copy your Composio API key. Use this for COMPOSIO_API_KEY.
  • Decide on a stable user identifier to scope sessions, often your email or a user ID. Use this for COMPOSIO_USER_ID.
3

Install dependencies

bash
pip install google-adk composio python-dotenv

Inside your virtual environment, install the required packages.

What's happening:

  • google-adk is Google's Agents Development Kit
  • composio connects your agent to Google Sheets via MCP
  • python-dotenv loads environment variables
4

Set up ADK project

bash
adk create my_agent

Set up a new Google ADK project.

What's happening:

  • This creates an agent folder with a root agent file and .env file
5

Set environment variables

bash
GOOGLE_API_KEY=your-google-api-key
COMPOSIO_API_KEY=your-composio-api-key
COMPOSIO_USER_ID=your-user-id-or-email

Save all your credentials in the .env file.

What's happening:

  • GOOGLE_API_KEY authenticates with Google's Gemini models
  • COMPOSIO_API_KEY authenticates with Composio
  • COMPOSIO_USER_ID identifies the user for session management
6

Import modules and validate environment

python
import os
import warnings

from composio import Composio
from dotenv import load_dotenv
from google.adk.agents.llm_agent import Agent
from google.adk.tools.mcp_tool.mcp_session_manager import StreamableHTTPConnectionParams
from google.adk.tools.mcp_tool.mcp_toolset import McpToolset

load_dotenv()

warnings.filterwarnings("ignore", message=".*BaseAuthenticatedTool.*")

GOOGLE_API_KEY = os.getenv("GOOGLE_API_KEY")
COMPOSIO_API_KEY = os.getenv("COMPOSIO_API_KEY")
COMPOSIO_USER_ID = os.getenv("COMPOSIO_USER_ID")

if not GOOGLE_API_KEY:
    raise ValueError("GOOGLE_API_KEY is not set in the environment.")
if not COMPOSIO_API_KEY:
    raise ValueError("COMPOSIO_API_KEY is not set in the environment.")
if not COMPOSIO_USER_ID:
    raise ValueError("COMPOSIO_USER_ID is not set in the environment.")
What's happening:
  • os reads environment variables
  • Composio is the main Composio SDK client
  • GoogleProvider declares that you are using Google ADK as the agent runtime
  • Agent is the Google ADK LLM agent class
  • McpToolset lets the ADK agent call MCP tools over HTTP
7

Create Composio client and Tool Router session

python
composio_client = Composio(api_key=COMPOSIO_API_KEY)

composio_session = composio_client.create(
    user_id=COMPOSIO_USER_ID,
    toolkits=["googlesheets"],
)

COMPOSIO_MCP_URL = composio_session.mcp.url,
print(f"Composio MCP URL: {COMPOSIO_MCP_URL}")
What's happening:
  • Authenticates to Composio with your API key
  • Declares Google ADK as the provider
  • Spins up a short-lived MCP endpoint for your user and selected toolkit
  • Stores the MCP HTTP URL for the ADK MCP integration
8

Set up the McpToolset and create the Agent

python
composio_toolset = McpToolset(
    connection_params=StreamableHTTPConnectionParams(
        url=COMPOSIO_MCP_URL,
        headers={"x-api-key": COMPOSIO_API_KEY}
    )
)

root_agent = Agent(
    model="gemini-2.5-flash",
    name="composio_agent",
    description="An agent that uses Composio tools to perform actions.",
    instruction=(
        "You are a helpful assistant connected to Composio. "
        "You have the following tools available: "
        "COMPOSIO_SEARCH_TOOLS, COMPOSIO_MULTI_EXECUTE_TOOL, "
        "COMPOSIO_MANAGE_CONNECTIONS, COMPOSIO_REMOTE_BASH_TOOL, COMPOSIO_REMOTE_WORKBENCH. "
        "Use these tools to help users with Google Sheets operations."
    ),
    tools=[composio_toolset],
)

print("\nAgent setup complete. You can now run this agent directly ;)")
What's happening:
  • Connects the ADK agent to the Composio MCP endpoint through McpToolset
  • Uses Gemini as the model powering the agent
  • Lists exact tool names in instruction to reduce misnamed tool calls
9

Run the agent

bash
# Run in CLI mode
adk run my_agent

# Or run in web UI mode
adk web

Execute the agent from the project root. The web command opens a web portal where you can chat with the agent.

What's happening:

  • adk run runs the agent in CLI mode
  • adk web . opens a web UI for interactive testing

Complete Code

Here's the complete code to get you started with Google Sheets and Google ADK:

python
import os
import warnings

from composio import Composio
from composio_google import GoogleProvider
from dotenv import load_dotenv
from google.adk.agents.llm_agent import Agent
from google.adk.tools.mcp_tool.mcp_session_manager import StreamableHTTPConnectionParams
from google.adk.tools.mcp_tool.mcp_toolset import McpToolset

load_dotenv()
warnings.filterwarnings("ignore", message=".*BaseAuthenticatedTool.*")

GOOGLE_API_KEY = os.getenv("GOOGLE_API_KEY")
COMPOSIO_API_KEY = os.getenv("COMPOSIO_API_KEY")
COMPOSIO_USER_ID = os.getenv("COMPOSIO_USER_ID")

if not GOOGLE_API_KEY:
    raise ValueError("GOOGLE_API_KEY is not set in the environment.")
if not COMPOSIO_API_KEY:
    raise ValueError("COMPOSIO_API_KEY is not set in the environment.")
if not COMPOSIO_USER_ID:
    raise ValueError("COMPOSIO_USER_ID is not set in the environment.")

composio_client = Composio(api_key=COMPOSIO_API_KEY, provider=GoogleProvider())

composio_session = composio_client.create(
    user_id=COMPOSIO_USER_ID,
    toolkits=["googlesheets"],
)

COMPOSIO_MCP_URL = composio_session.mcp.url


composio_toolset = McpToolset(
    connection_params=StreamableHTTPConnectionParams(
        url=COMPOSIO_MCP_URL,
        headers={"x-api-key": COMPOSIO_API_KEY}
    )
)

root_agent = Agent(
    model="gemini-2.5-flash",
    name="composio_agent",
    description="An agent that uses Composio tools to perform actions.",
    instruction=(
        "You are a helpful assistant connected to Composio. "
        "You have the following tools available: "
        "COMPOSIO_SEARCH_TOOLS, COMPOSIO_MULTI_EXECUTE_TOOL, "
        "COMPOSIO_MANAGE_CONNECTIONS, COMPOSIO_REMOTE_BASH_TOOL, COMPOSIO_REMOTE_WORKBENCH. "
        "Use these tools to help users with Google Sheets operations."
    ),  
    tools=[composio_toolset],
)

print("\nAgent setup complete. You can now run this agent directly ;)")

Conclusion

You've successfully integrated Google Sheets with the Google ADK through Composio's MCP Tool Router. Your agent can now interact with Google Sheets using natural language commands.

Key takeaways:

  • The Tool Router approach dynamically routes requests to the appropriate Google Sheets tools
  • Environment variables keep your credentials secure and separate from code
  • Clear agent instructions reduce tool calling errors
  • The ADK web UI provides an interactive interface for testing and development

You can extend this setup by adding more toolkits to the toolkits array in your session configuration.

TOOLS & TRIGGERS

Supported Tools and Triggers

Every Google Sheets action and event your agent gets out of the box.

Add Sheet to Existing Spreadsheet

Adds a new sheet to a spreadsheet.

Aggregate Column Data

Searches for rows where a specific column matches a value and performs mathematical operations on data from another column.

Append Dimension

Tool to append new rows or columns to a sheet, increasing its size.

Auto-Resize Rows or Columns

Auto-fit column widths or row heights for a dimension range using batchUpdate.

Batch Clear Values By Data Filter

Clears one or more ranges of values from a spreadsheet using data filters.

Batch get spreadsheet

Retrieves data from specified cell ranges in a Google Spreadsheet.

Batch Update Values by Data Filter

Tool to update values in ranges matching data filters.

Clear Basic Filter

Tool to clear the basic filter from a sheet.

Clear spreadsheet values

Clears cell content (preserving formatting and notes) from a specified A1 notation range in a Google Spreadsheet; the range must correspond to an existing sheet and cells.

Create Chart in Google Sheets

Create a chart in a Google Sheets spreadsheet using the specified data range and chart type.

Create a Google Sheet

Creates a new Google Spreadsheet in Google Drive.

Create spreadsheet column

Creates a new column in a Google Spreadsheet.

Create spreadsheet row

Inserts a new, empty row into a specified sheet of a Google Spreadsheet at a given index, optionally inheriting formatting from the row above.

Delete Chart from Google Sheets

Delete an existing chart from a Google Sheets spreadsheet.

Delete Dimension (Rows/Columns)

Tool to delete specified rows or columns from a sheet in a Google Spreadsheet.

Delete Sheet

Tool to delete a sheet (worksheet) from a spreadsheet.

Find and Replace in Spreadsheet

Tool to find and replace text in a Google Spreadsheet.

Format cell

Applies text and background cell formatting to a specified range in a Google Sheets worksheet.

Get conditional format rules

List conditional formatting rules for each sheet (or a selected sheet) in a normalized, easy-to-edit form.

Get Data Validation Rules

Tool to extract data validation rules from a Google Sheets spreadsheet.

Get sheet names

Lists all worksheet names from a specified Google Spreadsheet (which must exist), useful for discovering sheets before further operations.

Get Spreadsheet by Data Filter

Returns the spreadsheet at the given ID, filtered by the specified data filters.

Get spreadsheet info

Retrieves metadata for a Google Spreadsheet using its ID.

Insert Dimension in Google Sheet

Tool to insert new rows or columns into a sheet at a specified location.

Look up spreadsheet row

Finds the first row in a Google Spreadsheet where a cell's entire content exactly matches the query string, searching within a specified A1 notation range or the first sheet by default.

Mutate conditional format rules

Add, update, delete, or reorder conditional format rules on a Google Sheet.

Search Developer Metadata

Tool to search for developer metadata in a spreadsheet.

Search Spreadsheets

Search for Google Spreadsheets using various filters including name, content, date ranges, and more.

Set Basic Filter

Tool to set a basic filter on a sheet in a Google Spreadsheet.

Set Data Validation Rule

Tool to set or clear data validation rules (including dropdowns) on a range in Google Sheets.

Copy Sheet to Another Spreadsheet

Tool to copy a single sheet from a spreadsheet to another spreadsheet.

Append Values to Spreadsheet

Tool to append values to a spreadsheet.

Batch Clear Spreadsheet Values

Tool to clear one or more ranges of values from a spreadsheet.

Batch Get Spreadsheet Values by Data Filter

Tool to return one or more ranges of values from a spreadsheet that match the specified data filters.

Update Chart in Google Sheets

Update the specification of an existing chart in a Google Sheets spreadsheet.

Update Dimension Properties (Hide/Unhide & Resize)

Tool to hide/unhide rows or columns and set row heights or column widths.

Update Sheet Properties

Tool to update properties of a sheet (worksheet) within a Google Spreadsheet, such as its title, index, visibility, tab color, or grid properties.

Update Spreadsheet Properties

Tool to update SPREADSHEET-LEVEL properties such as the spreadsheet's title, locale, time zone, or auto-recalculation settings.

Batch update spreadsheet values

Tool to set values in one or more ranges of a spreadsheet.

Upsert Rows (Smart Update/Insert)

Upsert rows - update existing rows by key, append new ones.

Get spreadsheet values

Returns a range of values from a spreadsheet.

Update spreadsheet values

Tool to set values in a range of a Google Spreadsheet.

FRAMEWORKS

How to build Google Sheets MCP Agent with another framework

ChatGPT logo

ChatGPT

Use Google Sheets MCP with ChatGPT

OpenAI Agents SDK logo

OpenAI Agents SDK

Use Google Sheets MCP with OpenAI Agents SDK

Claude Agent SDK logo

Claude Agent SDK

Use Google Sheets MCP with Claude Agent SDK

Claude Code logo

Claude Code

Use Google Sheets MCP with Claude Code

Claude Cowork logo

Claude Cowork

Use Google Sheets MCP with Claude Cowork

Codex logo

Codex

Use Google Sheets MCP with Codex

Cursor logo

Cursor

Use Google Sheets MCP with Cursor

OpenClaw logo

OpenClaw

Use Google Sheets MCP with OpenClaw

Hermes logo

Hermes

Use Google Sheets MCP with Hermes

CLI logo

CLI

Use Google Sheets MCP with CLI

LangChain logo

LangChain

Use Google Sheets MCP with LangChain

Vercel AI SDK logo

Vercel AI SDK

Use Google Sheets MCP with Vercel AI SDK

Mastra AI logo

Mastra AI

Use Google Sheets MCP with Mastra AI

LlamaIndex logo

LlamaIndex

Use Google Sheets MCP with LlamaIndex

CrewAI logo

CrewAI

Use Google Sheets MCP with CrewAI

OpenCode logo

OpenCode

Use Google Sheets MCP with OpenCode

VS Code logo

VS Code

Use Google Sheets MCP with VS Code

FAQ

Frequently asked questions

With a standalone Google Sheets MCP server, the agents and LLMs can only access a fixed set of Google Sheets tools tied to that server. However, with the Composio Tool Router, agents can dynamically load tools from Google Sheets and many other apps based on the task at hand, all through a single MCP endpoint.

Yes, you can. Google ADK fully supports MCP integration. You get structured tool calling, message history handling, and model orchestration while Tool Router takes care of discovering and serving the right Google Sheets tools.

Yes, absolutely. You can configure which Google Sheets scopes and actions are allowed when connecting your account to Composio. You can also bring your own OAuth credentials or API configuration so you keep full control over what the agent can do.

All sensitive data such as tokens, keys, and configuration is fully encrypted at rest and in transit. Composio is SOC 2 Type 2 compliant and follows strict security practices so your Google Sheets data and credentials are handled as safely as possible.

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